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EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI

San Francisco Earthquake year 1906 (U.S.) U n earthquake, also known as earthquake or earthquake (Greek σεισμός, tremor) or tierra1 tremor is a shaking of the ground produced by the collision of tectonic plates and the release energy in the course of a sudden reorganization of the crust material to overcome the state of mechanical equilibrium. The most important and frequently occur when the stored elastic potential energy released in the gradual deformation of rocks adjacent to an active fault plane, but can also occur for other reasons, for example around volcanic processes or by collapse of karst cavities .

The origin of earthquakes is in the accumulation of energy that occurs when the material inside the Earth move, seeking the balance from unstable situations are result of volcanic and tectonic activities, which occur mainly at the edges of the plate.

Although tectonic and volcanic activities are the main causes of the earthquakes are generated, there are many factors that can cause:

rockfalls on the slopes of the mountains.

The collapse of caverns.

abrupt changes in atmospheric pressure cyclones

human activity.

These mechanisms generate events of low magnitude that generally fall in the range of microearthquakes, tremors that can only be detected by seismographs.

Tsunami A tsunami (Japanese tsu (津), 'port' or 'bay' and nami (波): ' wave ', literally meaning "harbor wave"), sometimes also called tsunami is a wave or a group of high-energy waves and size that occur when an extraordinary phenomenon vertically displaces a large mass of water. It is estimated that 90% of these phenomena are caused earthquake, in which case they are called, more precisely, of "tectonic tsunami." The energy of a tsunami depends on your height (wave amplitude) and speed. The total energy discharged on a coastal area also depend on the number of peaks that carry the train of waves (in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 there were 7 huge peaks, gigantic and very wide). These waves removed a quantity of water much higher than the surface waves produced by the wind.

Source: http://es.wikipedia.org